FAILURE ANALYSIS OF A TRACTOR FRONT AXLE

Keywords:

fatigue failure, finite element analysis, front axle, tractor

Tractors, high-power, low-speed traction vehicles and power units are similar to trucks or automobiles but designed for use off-road. They are defined as motor vehicles with wheels that allow them to hold on to loose terrain and be fitted with trailers. Tractors operate in challenging operating conditions. Therefore, it is possible that they become damaged. In some cases the damage is due to disrupted engineering, but more frequently, it is due to failures in material processing and maintenance, raw material errors, design and manufacturing errors, and user-related errors. This study examined the fractured front axle of a tractor. Spectroscopic, metallographic and hardness measurements of the axle parts were made. Stress analyses were also performed using finite elements to determine the stress conditions in the renewed section. The finite element analysis showed that the broken region was exposed to maximum stresses. Stress analyses using finite elements were also carried out to determine the stress conditions in the repeated section. With the fracture surface analysis, mild fatigue was observed, and it was concluded that the fracture occurred suddenly.

References

Cavallo E, Ferrari E, Bollani L, Coccia M. Attitudes and behaviour of adopters of technological innovations in agricultural tractors: A case study in Italian agricultural system. Agric Syst. 2014;130:44-54. doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2014.05.012
2. Zhang H. Research on the Application of Agricultural Engineering Technology in Agricultural Modernization. J Phys Conf Ser. 2020;1699(1):12008. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1699/1/012008
3. Hossen MA, Ruhul M, Talukder A, et al. Mechanization Status, Promotional Activities and Government Strategies of Thailand and Vietnam in Comparison to Bangladesh. 2:489-510. doi:10.3390/agriengineering2040033
4. Altaf Hussain Padder. An Analysis of Dissemination of Technology and Growth in Agriculture of An Analysis of Dissemination of Technology and Growth in Agriculture of Jammu & Kashmir. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews. Published online 2021. www.ijrar.org
5. Lu H, Xie H, Yao G. Impact of land fragmentation on marginal productivity of agricultural labor and non-agricultural labor supply: A case study of Jiangsu, China. Published online 2018. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2018.11.004
6. Ruttan VW. Productivity Growth in World Agriculture: Sources and Constraints.
7. Wen C, Xie B, Li Z, Yin Y, Zhao X, Song Z. Power density based fatigue load spectrum editing for accelerated durability testing for tractor front axles. Biosyst Eng. 2020;200:73-88. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2020.09.008
8. Shao X, Song Z, Yin Y, Xie B, Liao P. Statistical distribution modelling and parameter identification of the dynamic stress spectrum of a tractor front driven axle. Published online 2021. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.03.003
9. Bayrakceken H, Tasgetiren S, Yavuz _ I. Two cases of failure in the power transmission system on vehicles: A universal joint yoke and a drive shaft. Published online 2006. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2006.03.003
10. Nanaware GK, Pable MJ. Failures of rear axle shafts of 575 DI tractors. doi:10.1016/S1350-6307(03)00057-8
11. Yavuz İ. Failure Analysis of Distributor Gear. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology. Published online March 31, 2021:63-66. doi:10.30939/ijastech..823415
12. Yavuz İ, Bayrakçeken H. Failure Analysis of a Rear Axle Shaft of An Automobile. Electronic Journal of Vehicle Technologies. 2011;3:11-19.
13. Kowalski S. Failure analysis of the elements of a forced-in joint operating in rotational bending conditions. Published online 2020. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104864
14. Su C, Pan AX, Gong Y, Yang ZG. Failure analysis on rubber universal spherical joints for rail vehicles. Eng Fail Anal. 2021;126:105453. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105453
15. Du J, Liang J, Zhang L. Research on the failure of the induced draft fan’s shaft in a power boiler. Case Stud Eng Fail Anal. 2016;5-6:51-58. doi:10.1016/J.CSEFA.2016.02.002
16. Asi O. Fatigue failure of a rear axle shaft of an automobile. Eng Fail Anal. 2006;13(8):1293-1302. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2005.10.006
17. Aliakbari K, Nejad RM, Kian S, Toroq P, Macek W, Branco R. Assessment of unusual failure in crankshaft of heavy-duty truck engine. Published online 2022. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106085
18. Cheng G, Guo F, Zang X, Zhang Z, Jia X, Yan X. Failure analysis and improvement measures of airplane actuator seals. Eng Fail Anal. 2022;133:105949. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105949
19. Fuller RW, Ehrgott JQ, Heard WF, et al. Failure analysis of AISI 304 stainless steel shaft. Published online 2007. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2007.11.001
20. Diler AA, Gürgen S, Sert A. Failure analysis of an axle shaft in an airport ground support vehicle. https://doi.org/101177/14644207221130316. Published online October 5, 2022. doi:10.1177/14644207221130316
21. Zhang Y, Lu Y, Peng R, Xu H, Zhu L, Wang T. The fatigue fracture mechanism of Al7075 aluminum alloy clinching joints. https://doi.org/101177/14644207221125996. Published online September 28, 2022:146442072211259. doi:10.1177/14644207221125996
22. Zhao X, Wu S, Bao J, Ao N, Peng W, Sun W. Experimental characterization and numerical modeling on the external impacting of high-speed railway axle EA4T steel. Eng Fail Anal. 2021;125:105449. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105449
23. Zhu C, He J, Peng J, Ren Y, Lin X, Zhu M. Failure mechanism analysis on railway wheel shaft of power locomotive. Published online 2019. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.05.013
24. Hou N, Ding N, Qu S, et al. Failure modes, mechanisms and causes of shafts in mechanical equipment. Published online 2022. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106216
25. Maulianda B, Cindy ·, Savitri D, et al. Recent comprehensive review for extended finite element method (XFEM) based on hydraulic fracturing models for unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs. J Pet Explor Prod Technol. 2020;10:3319-3331. doi:10.1007/s13202-020-00919-z
26. Faron A, Axel Rombach G. Simulation of crack growth in reinforced concrete beams using extended finite element method. Published online 2020. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104698
27. Wei Y, Jiang Y. Fatigue fracture analysis of gear teeth using XFEM. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China. 2019;29:2099-2108. doi:10.1016/S1003-6326(19)65116-2
28. Suresh Kumar G, Kumaraswamidhas LA. Design optimization focused on failures during developmental testing of the fabricated rear-axle housing. Eng Fail Anal. 2021;120:1350-6307. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104999
29. Ji D, Zhang J, Yi K, Huang Y, Lu Q, Zhang H. Surface crack growth simulation and residual life assessment of high-speed train axles based on extended finite element method. Published online 2022. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106043
30. Liu J, Dang X, An Y, Yang C, Pan G. A fatigue failure investigation and improvement of a high-speed cylindrical roller bearing in a turbofan engine. https://doi.org/101177/14644207221115328. Published online July 19, 2022. doi:10.1177/14644207221115328
31. Maharjan N, Zhou W, Zhou Y, Guan Y, Wu N. Comparative study of laser surface hardening of 50CrMo4 steel using continuous-wave laser and pulsed lasers with ms, ns, ps and fs pulse duration. Published online 2019. doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.03.036